Treatment of Myositis with IVIG in Glen Burnie, MD

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a widely used treatment for various autoimmune disorders, including myositis. Its effectiveness in managing myositis can vary depending on the individual patient and their specific condition.

IVIG is an effective treatment for myositis, particularly in reducing disease activity and improving muscle strength. In patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), IVIG has been found to have similar response rates to methotrexate, with around 50-60% of patients experiencing a reduction in disease activity and an improvement in muscle strength. However, IVIG may be more effective in inducing rapid remission.

In adult polymyositis/dermatomyositis (APDM), IVIG is more effective than steroids in reducing disease activity and improving quality of life. Steroids can have some big side effects, specifically when taken long-term, whereas IVIG is often well-tolerated.

IVIG has also been compared to biologics such as rituximab and abatacept in some studies. While both IVIG and biologics can be effective, IVIG can take faster action and have fewer side effects.

In addition to its therapeutic benefits, IVIG can enhance the effectiveness of physical therapy and exercise, which are essential components of myositis management. By reducing inflammation and improving muscle function, IVIG can help patients regain strength and mobility.

While IVIG is generally considered safe, it can cause side effects such as headaches, fever, chills, and fatigue. In rare cases, infusion reactions can occur, which can be severe. It’s essential to monitor patients for these side effects and to use IVIG cautiously in patients with kidney disease or those who are allergic to IgA or IgG antibodies.

Yes, IVIG can be used in combination with other myositis treatments. Combining IVIG with other therapies can be an effective way to manage myositis. Here are some common combinations:

• IVIG + methotrexate: This combination is often used in patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) to reduce disease activity and improve muscle strength.
• IVIG + corticosteroids: IVIG can be used in combination with corticosteroids to reduce the dosage and side effects of steroids.
• IVIG + biologics: Some studies have shown that combining IVIG with biologics like rituximab or abatacept can be productive in limiting disease activity and enhancing the quality of life in those with adult polymyositis/dermatomyositis (APDM).
• IVIG + physical therapy/exercise: IVIG can enhance the effectiveness of physical therapy and exercise programs by reducing inflammation and improving muscle function.

When combining IVIG with other treatments, it’s essential to monitor patients closely for potential side effects and adjust the treatment regimen as needed.

During IVIG therapy, regular monitoring is crucial to ensure its safety and effectiveness. Here is what you need to monitor:

• Allergic reactions: Watch for allergic reaction symptoms, like hives, itching, flushing, or difficulty breathing, during and after infusions.
• Infection risk: IVIG can suppress the immune system, making patients more susceptible to infections. Watch for infection symptoms, like fever, cough, or sore throat.
• Hemolytic reaction: IVIG can cause a rare but serious reaction called hemolysis, which can lead to anemia or kidney damage. Monitor for signs of hemolysis, such as jaundice, dark urine, or increased heart rate.
• Thrombocytopenia: IVIG can cause a decrease in platelet count (thrombocytopenia). Monitor platelet counts regularly to prevent bleeding complications.
• Renal function: IVIG can cause kidney damage or exacerbate existing kidney disease. Monitor kidney function tests (e.g., creatinine levels) to detect any changes.
• Electrolyte imbalance: IVIG can disrupt electrolyte balance, particularly potassium levels. Monitor potassium levels and adjust as needed.
• Blood pressure: Monitor blood pressure regularly, as IVIG can cause blood pressure fluctuations.
• Infusion-related reactions: Some can experience infusion-related reactions, like headaches, fever, or chills. Monitor for these reactions during and after infusions.
• Response to therapy: Regularly assess the patient’s response to IVIG therapy, including disease activity, muscle strength, and quality of life.

Regular monitoring usually includes:

• Blood tests (e.g., complete blood count, electrolyte panel)
• Urinalysis
• Blood pressure checks
• Infection surveillance
• Physical examination

Our healthcare providers will develop a personalized monitoring plan tailored to your specific needs and condition. We are conveniently located at 203 Hospital Dr, Suite 300A, Glen Burnie, MD 21061. For more information, contact us or book an appointment online. We serve patients from Glen Burnie MD, Pasadena MD, Edgewater MD, Jacobsville MD, Ferndale MD, Severn MD, and surrounding areas.